Archips issikii

Author: Kodama, 1960

Species Overview:

Adult: wingspan males 19-21mm, females 20-24 mm; forewings ochreous or ochreous-brown with darker markings; median fascia very narrow at costa in males. Hindwing brownish grey.
Larva: average length 20 mm; head shiny brownish-ochreous; body pale green, deep green ventrally; prothoracic plate yellowish ochreous, caudal half black; thoracic legs and pinacula of prothorax black; spiracles blackish-ochreous.

Taxonomic Description:

Male:

A. issikii male
External characters: Wingspan 19-21 mm. Head and labial palpus ochreous brown; antenna ochreous, thorax rather concolorous. Forewing expanding posteriorly, costa strongly bent to middle, then straight; apex short, termen convex, not oblique. Costal fold to two-thirds of costa. Ground colour light ochreous, darker basally, more or less tinged lilac; costal fold ochreous brown. Markings brownish, median fascia beyond the middle tinged greyish; basal spot narrow, reaching to middle of the width of the wing; median fascia very narrow at costa; subapical blotch elongate, strongly protruding in fascia towards middle of termen. Cilia rather concolorous with ground colour. Hindwing brownish grey; cilia paler (Razowski, 1977; Yasuda, 1975b).

male genitalia A. issikii
Genitalia: Uncus slightly broadening terminally, rounded apically; arm of gnathos slender; valva semiovate, somewhat tapering in terminal portion; sacculus convex ventrally, with short, rounded terminally free end. Aedeagus strong, pointed ventro-apically, provided with a dorso-lateral sharp process situated at one-third from apex.

Female:

Archips issikii female
External characters: Larger than male (wingspan 20-24 mm); forewing not dilated posteriorly, costa bent basally, hardly concave before apex, apex short; termen not sinuate. Forewing almost unicolorous yellow-brown to ochreous brown, darker basally, hardly strigulated in the terminal portion; weak brownish suffusions being the reminders of basal blotch and dorsal part of median fascia in some specimens; subapical blotch in form of narrow marking along costa, accompanied by a weak subterminal fascia. Cilia paler than the ground colour.

female gen. A. issikii
Genitalia: Sterigma with fairly large caudal portion and minute median process, anterior (cup- shaped) part broad, short, tapering anteriorly; antrum with very short median sclerite. Cestum long, nearly reaching antrum; signum large, with fairly long capitulum.

Variation:

Forewing ground colour of males often suffused with grey. The intensity of the forewing markings varies.

Biology:

Moths fly from before mid June till the beginning of August. Larvae feed on the needles of the host plant.

Host plants:

Abies sachalinensis, Abies concolor, Abies firma, Abies holophylla, Larix leptolepis.

Damage:

Larvae cause defoliation.

Distribution:

Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu; Korea; Russia: Primorsk; Korea.

Pheromone:

Pheromone unknown.



Besides Archips oporana, Archips audax and Archips xylosteana, the following species have been recorded from Abies in Japan.

1. Archips pulcher (Butler)

Archips pulcher adult; male genitalia A. pulcher ; female gen. A. pulcher
Forewing without transverse markings; four pale grey-blue or grey-violet longitudinal fasciae present; costal fold absent.
Genitalia: The uncus of the male genitalia of Archips pulcher also broadens terminally, and is rounded apically. It is however shorter than in Archips issikii. The aedeagus is provided with a laterally situated row of teeth before apex.
The cestum of the female genitalia is also long. The cup-shaped part of the sterigma is larger. The sclerite of the antrum is longer, rather delicate, tapering towards the ductus bursae and well sclerotized along the edges.

Host plants are Abies sachalinensis, Abies homolepis, Abies concolor and Picea excelsa.
Distribution: Japan: Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku; Russia: Primorsk, De Friz I.; ?Korea.

2. Archips abiephaga (Yasuda)

Archips abiephaga adult ; male genitalia A. abiephaga; female gen. A. abiephaga
Moths resemble those of Archips pulcher.
Genitalia: Males of this species can be distinguished from all other mentioned species by the characteristic bifurcate long uncus. The aedeagus has a distinct subapical prominence and small lateral teeth.
The ductus bursae of the female genitalia is rather short. The cestum is proportionally long. The sterigma is very broad, straight distally and rounded proximally, and has a very short cup-shaped part. The sclerite of the antrum is rather delicate.

Host plants are Abies sachalinensis and Abies concolor.
Distribution: Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu.

3. Archips capsigerana (Kennel)

Archips capsigerana male; male genitalia A. capsigerana; female gen. A. capsigerana
Apex of forewing produced; costal fold conspicuous, broad, yellow with reddish tinge; apex of hindwing yellow.
Genitalia: In Archips capsigerana, the uncus is not expanding terminally. The sacculus is short, provided with dorsal processes and a short free termination. The aedeagus broadens terminally, is marked with two minute dents dorso-apically and is minutely dentate, mainly in median portion.
The cestum of the female genitalia reaches to beyond the middle of the ductus bursae. The sterigma has a prominent median process.

Host plants are Prunus salicina, Maesa japonica, Daphniphyllum teijsmanii, Acer palmatum, Machilus thunbergi, Fraxinus mandshurica and Abies firma.
Distribution: Japan: Honshu; Russia: S. Primorsk.

4. Archips fumosa (Kodama)

Archips fumosa male
male genitalia A. fumosa ; female gen. A. fumosa
Moths resemble those of Archips issikii.
Genitalia: In Archips fumosa, the uncus is broader than in Archips issikii, but also slightly narrowing postmedially and expanding towards the end. The aedeagus is also provided with a small dorso-lateral process situated postmedially, but in Archips fumosa this process is dentate.
The female genitalia resemble those of Archips issikii, the median sclerite of the antrum is somewhat larger.

Host plants are Abies sachalinensis, Taxus cuspidata and Picea pungens.
Distribution: Japan: Hokkaido; China: Yunnan.

5. Archips ingentana (Christoph)

Archips ingentana male; Archips ingentana female; male genitalia A. ingentana ; female gen. A. ingentana
Apex of forewings more prominent than in Archips issikii; subapical blotch not elongate.
Genitalia: Males of this species can be distinguished from Archips issikii, as well as from the four above mentioned species by the spined termination of the sacculus.
The cestum of the female genitalia does not reach the middle of the ductus bursae. The sterigma is large and has a strong median process and large, well sclerotized distal lobes. The anterior portion of the sterigma constricted medially.

Host plants are Abies firma, Acer, Artemisia, Cerasus, Disporum similacinum, Filipendula, Fragaria, Houttuynia cordata, Lonicera, Malus pumila, Petasites japonicus, Polygonum , Prunus salicina, Pyrus simoni, Quercus serrata, Urtica thunbergia.
Distribution: Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu; North Korea; China: Manchuria; Russia: S. Kuril Is., S. Primorsk, S. Sakhalin.

6. Archips nigricaudana (Walsingham)

Archips nigricaudana male; male genitalia A. nigricaudana : female gen. A. nigricaudana
Median fascia also atrophied at costa in males; subapical blotch not elongate.
Genitalia: The uncus of the male genitalia is very slender beyond base, broadening terminally; aedeagus with ventral dent at apex.
Female genitalia have the antrum more elongate and the cup-shaped portion of the sterigma is equally broad throughout.

Host plants are Malus pumila, Pyrus simoni, Morus sp., Castanopsis sp., Quercus serrata, Quercus mongolica, Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, Lespedeze bicolor, Corylus heterophylla, Diospyros kaki, Abies holophylla and Salix sp.
Distribution: Russia: Primorsk; Korea; Japan.

%LABEL% (%SOURCE%)