Archips audax

Author: Razowski, 1978

Species Overview:

Adult: wingspan 18-24 mm in males, 24-32 mm in females; apex of forewing prominent in both sexes. Ground colour brownish-yellow with a violet-grey sheen; males with basal blotch often connecting to median part of median fascia; females with costal remainders of median fasciae and subapical blotch. Hindwing brownish anally and orange apically in both sexes.
Larva: average length 23 mm; abdomen grey-green to green, tinged ochreous dorsally; head and prothoracic legs black; prothoracic plate ochreous-yellow, marked with black; pinacula pale whitish-green.

Taxonomic Description:

Male:

Archips audax male
External characters: 18-24 mm wingspan; forewing slightly expanding terminally, costa slightly concave postmedially, apex prominent; termen sinuate. Costal fold broad, reaching beyond third of costa. Labial palp, head and thorax brown, the latter with a distinct violet-grey sheen; abdomen brownish with cream or brownish-cream anal tuft. Ground colour yellowish brown suffused with ferruginous-brown in basal two-thirds of wing and with a more or less distinct violet-grey sheen. Markings deep ferruginous-brown, partially suffused with blackish brown. Basal blotch often connecting with median portion of median fascia, rarely separate, edged with dark grey towards costa. Median fascia extending from distal part of costal fold, where narrow or atrophied, towards dorsum, strongly expanding medially and atrophying near dorsum. Subapical blotch from mid-costa to before apex, distinctly separated from paler subterminal marking; apex and apical third of termen ferruginous or brown, rarely marked with blackish scales. Cilia brownish, darker at apex and more cream at tornus. Hindwing brownish grey anally, orange-cream apically (Razowski, 1977; Yasuda, 1975b).

male genitalia A. audax
aedeagus Archips audax
Genitalia: Tegumen and uncus stronger than in Archips asiatica; socii membranous, vestigial. Sacculus provided with strong median process and very short free termination. Aedeagus armed with variably shaped thorn.

Female:

Archips audax female
External characters: 24-32 mm wingspan; costa strongly curved in basal half, concave beyond middle; apex protruding, long; termen sinuate. Ground colour yellowish brown to brown with a weak violet-grey hue, suffused brown-grey in basal half of wing, delicately strigulated transversely with brown. Markings dark brown or ferruginous brown consisting of costal remainders of median fascia and subapical blotch; dorsal part of median fascia weak. Subterminal stria ochreous brown. Apex and apical part of termen dark brown. Cilia brownish, paler at tornus. Hindwing brown anally and orange apically.

female gen. A. audax
Genitalia: Posterior part of sterigma large; anterior part short, fairly broad, tapering anteriorly, with fairly long, rounded, anterior lobes. Ductus bursae long; cestum reaching to about its middle.

Variation:

Males may have the ground colour of the forewing distinctly suffused with brownish grey. The median portion of the median fascia often has blackish brown scales. In females, the intensity of the costal part of the median fascia may vary, as well as the intensity of the violet-grey hue.

Note:

According to Razowski, 1977, records of Archips asiatica in Japan concern Archips audax.

Biology:

In Hokkaido, moths were collected in June and July; in Honshu between early May and the end of June; in Kyushu in August.

Host plants:

Abies firma, Akebia quinata, Chloranthus serratus, Houttuynia cordata, Malus pumila, Prunus x yedoensis, Prunus salicina, Prunus sargentii, Pyrus simonii, Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, Sorbus commixta.

Damage:

Larvae can be found on fruit-trees, feeding on leaves.

Distribution:

Japan, Korea (Razowski, 1977; Byun et al., 1998).

Pheromone:

Pheromone unknown.

Attractantia:

Ando et al., 1978, give an attractant for Japanese 'Archips asiatica':

E 11-14Ac : 9
Z 11-14Ac : 1

According to Razowski, 1977, records of Archips asiatica in Japan concern Archips audax.



Japan

Besides Archips xylosteana, Archips endoi, Archips breviplicana and Archips fuscocupreana, which are already dealt with elsewhere, the following species of Archips have been recorded from apple in Japan.

1. Archips nigricaudana (Walsingham)

Archips nigricaudana male; male genitalia A. nigricaudana ; female gen. A. nigricaudana
Moths are generally light in colour; the basal blotch is reduced; apex of forewing not produced in male.
Genitalia: In Archips nigricaudana , the uncus is fairly broad, and the valvae are relatively narrow.
The cestum of the female genitalia is long (almost reaching to the antrum) while it is shorter in Archips audax, and the anterior, cup-shaped portion of the sterigma is relatively narrow .

Host plants are Malus pumila, Pyrus simony, Morus sp., Castanopsis sp., Quercus serrata, Quercus mongolica, Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, Lespedeze bicolor, Corylus heterophylla, Diospyros kaki, Abies holophylla and Salix sp.
Distribution: Russia: Primorsk; Korea, Japan.

2. Archips ingentana (Christoph)

Archips ingentana male; Archips ingentana female; male genitalia A. ingentana ; female gen. A. ingentana
In males, basal blotch well developed on dorsum, usually well separated from median fascia.
Genitalia: The sacculus is provided with a median thorn; the termination of the sacculus is spined.
The cestum of the female genitalia reaches almost to the middle of the ductus bursae and broadens strongly basally. The anterior (cup-shaped) portion of the sterigma is fairly narrow, and the anterior lobes are shorter than in Archips audax.
Host plants are Abies firma, Acer, Artemisia, Cerasus, Disporum similacinum, Filipendula, Fragaria, Houttuynia cordata, Lonicera, Malus pumila, Petasites japonicus, Polygonum, Prunus salicina, Pyrus simony, Quercus serrata, Urtica thunbergia.
Distribution: Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; N. Korea; China: Manchuria; Russia: S. Kuril Is., Primorsk, S. Sakhalin

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