Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Species Overview:
Adult: 10-15 mm wingspan; head, thorax and forewings bright yellow, the latter suffused with brownish-orange and bearing often dark-edged silvery-grey markings; hindwings brownish-grey.
Egg: deposited on the stem of the food plant during June and July; overwintering until April.
Larva: 10 mm long; head, prothoracic plate and thoracic legs shining blackish-brown or black, plate narrow; abdomen greenish-grey or yellowish-white, sometimes bright yellow in the full-grown larva; pinacula concolorous with abdomen; anal plate dark brown or black, sometimes yellow marked with brown in the full-grown larva ; anal comb present [A. bergmanniana larva].
Pupa: 7-8 mm long; light brown or brownish-yellow, head and thoracic region dark brown; in the folded edge of a leaf or in the larval habitation.
Taxonomic Description:
Male:
A. bergmanniana adult 1
A. bergmanniana adult 2
A. bergmanniana adults
External characters: Labial palpus, head and anterior portion of antenna yellowish, posterior portion of antenna brown; thorax yellow; abdomen brownish. Forewing slightly expanding terminally, costa strongly curved to middle, then straight or very delicately concave before apex; apex rather rounded; termen straight, slightly oblique. Ground colour yellow, coarsely reticulate and partly suffused with ferruginous-orange, more heavily in distal half; markings reduced, lustrous silvery grey, slightly refractive, dark-edged; basal and median fasciae strongest on costa; median fascia narrow, extending from tornus to costa, at about three-quarters; pre-apical spot developed into a linear marking extending around the apex and along subterminal margin to tornal area; a usually conspicuous small black scale-tuft in submedian fold above middle of dorsum; cilia concolorous, grey around tornus. Hindwing brownish-grey; cilia paler (after Bradley et al., 1973; Razowski, 1984).
male gen. A. bergmanniana
Genitalia: Tegumen with small terminal lobes and rather long pedunculi; socii very large with posterior portions longer than anterior portions, rounded apically; tuba analis broad; subscaphium well sclerotized beyond middle. Valva elongate with long costa; sacculus slender with shallow concavity in middle of ventral edge and small spined termination; brachiola broad. Aedeagus short, provided with group of minute spines before end ventrally. No cornuti present. Transtilla well developed.
Female:
External characters: forewing not expanding terminally; colour and markings as in male.
female gen. A. bergmanniana
Genitalia: Papillae analis with posterior portions longer than anterior parts; apophyses posteriores long; eighth tergite broad; median part of sterigma broad, short; caudal margin of sterigma slightly convex, anterior margin with prominent rounded corners; ductus bursae broad, short, minutely spined anteriorly. Corpus bursae elongate; network sculptures and long dentate signum present.
Variation:
Strongly marked specimens with intensified ferruginous-orange colouration and higher refraction occasionally occur; however there is a greater tendency towards reduction of the markings and a clearer yellow ground colour.
Biology:
In the UK, moths occur in June and July, often flying during the afternoon as well as at night. Females deposit the eggs on the stems of rose bushes. The eggs remain there until the following spring. Larvae feed from April onwards, inhabiting tightly folded leaves or spun shoots and sometimes spinning a shoot tip to an adjacent flower bud. Pupation occurs in the larval habitation or in a folded leaf. Adults appear a few weeks later (after Alford, 1995).
A single specimen from Korea, studied by Byun et al., 1998, was collected in July.
Host plants:
Rosa spp., Rhamnus cathartica, Frangula alnus.
Damage:
The species occurs on rose, including cultivated varieties. If numerous, the larvae cause noticeable distortion and loss of young shoots, affecting growth and reducing flowering potential of the bushes (Alford, 1995).
Distribution:
Palaearctic Region, excl. China and Japan Recorded from Korea according to Byun et al., 1998.
Pheromone:
Pheromone unknown.
Attractantia:
E 11-14Ac : 9
14Ac : 1 (Frérot et al., 1979b)
or
E 11-14Ac (Voerman, 1979)
Parasitoids:
Actia pilipennis (Fallén) (Tachinidae)
Apanteles lugens Razowski (Braconidae)
Ascogaster quadridentata Wesmael (Braconidae)
Meteorus ictericus Nees (Braconidae)
Rogas circumscriptus Nees (Braconidae)
Pristomerus vulnerator Pam. (Hymenoptera)