Cydia Hübner
Type species: pomonella Linnaeus
DIAGNOSIS
External characters:
Venation:
venation Cydia microgrammana
Forewing: Forewing chorda commences centrally between R 1 and R 2; M -stem long, terminating between R 5 and M 1.
Hindwing: M 3 and CuA 1 often stalked.
Forewing shape and markings:
examples of Cydia spp.
Wings often fairly broad; markings variable.
Additional characters:
Hindwing vein 3A in male glabrous on upper side and bordered by glandular theca of reduced scales; hindwing with or without anal fold.
Genitalia:
Male:
male genitalia Cydia pomonella ; male genitalia C. splendana
Socii absent; valva variable in shape, neck usually distinct, glabrous; aedeagus characteristic of subgenera: simple, without lateral process (subgenus Cydia), broad basally, flattened dorso-ventrally, bent, often with spined surface (subgenus Kenneliola) or (often) with lateral or dorsal process (subgenus Collicularia); cornuti of both fixed and deciduous type, if present.
Female:
female gen. Cydia pomonella ;female genitalia C. splendana
Postvaginal plate in several groups marked with median, proximal process; antevaginal plate indistinct or atrophied; sclerotization of ductus bursae specific for subgenera; cingulum postmedian or posterior, often elongate, fusing with the sclerite of the ostium to form a colliculum in Cydia, cingulum ring-shaped, incomplete or absent in Collicularia, and posterior part of ductus bursae sclerotized in Kenneliola ; corpus bursae with small papillate process.
Taxonomic note:
The genus is dived into three subgenera: Collicularia (larvae on legumes), Cydia (larvae predominantly on conifers) and Kenneliola (larvae more often on deciduous trees).
Early stages:
Swatschek, 1958, provides the following diagnosis for the larvae of Cydia and Grapholita.
SV group always unisetose on ninth abdominal segment, often unisetose on eighth.
If SV group bisetose on second abdominal segment, then D2 setae on separate pinacula on ninth abdominal segment or SD1 and SD2 on separate pinacula on mesothorax.
Biology:
Larvae usually in seeds and fruits of various plants; some species found under bark. Pre-pupae usually hibernate, rarely larvae.
Distribution:
Palaearctic and Nearctic regions (Cydia); Palaearctic, Nearctic, Oriental and Ethiopian regions (Collicularia); Palaearctic and Nearctic regions (Kenneliola).